Wind turbine foundation tool created quickly from Heijmans' digital building blocks

Wind turbine foundation parametric design engineering
To accomplish their mission of “creating a healthier society”, Heijmans used the VIKTOR platform to build an innovative application for the automated and optimized design of wind turbine foundations. Using pieces of codes from their previous projects, they were able to build their biggest application so far. Within the application, all three disciplines involved in building wind turbine foundations are linked and all required (calculation) software packages, such as SCIA Engineer and IDEA StatiCa, are integrated. Before they created their application, Heijmans was not yet able to design wind turbine foundations themselves. Now, thanks to their research and the ability to store this newfound knowledge directly in the application, they can deliver an integral design of a wind turbine foundation. This way, the application makes them in control over the entire process, from start to finish!
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Larger and more complex

On their previous projects, Heijmans each time developed an application with the purpose of automating and optimizing (design) processes for a specific department. With the Wind Turbine application however, they decided to shake things up a little bit.

“This project was different from our previous applications”, says Tom Nillesen, Lead Developer parametric design at Heijmans Construction and Geotechnics, “because this was our first application in which multiple disciplines where ultimately brought together, which made it not only different but much larger and more complex as well!”.

Library with building blocks

Whilst building the Wind Turbine application, Heijmans adopted the logic they previously wrote for some of their earlier applications. Tom: “You can see this is very efficient, since you can simply reuse the logic you have already written once instead of starting completely from scratch.” Parts of the Python code that the developers at Heijmans had already written for their previous applications was thus used as digital building blocks to shape the Wind Turbine application. This helped them save a lot of time since these code parts were stored in the Heijmans Python code library where they could easily be retrieved from where and whenever possible.

A multidisciplinary app

The Wind Turbine App was the first of Heijmans’ application that was built to be used by people from multiple departments. The application was ultimately created for the purpose of automating and optimizing the design process of wind turbine foundations. However, for the design of a wind turbine foundation, data from multiple sources is required. Therefore, the decision was made to incorporate three of Heijmans departments.

Because a wind turbine foundation design project follows a quite complex process, we will explain it a bit more. What happens on wind turbine foundation design project, is as follows: Heijmans Wind Energy receives the assignment, which is a tender request. For this tender request, a quotation needs to be composed. That is when Heijmans Construction and Geotechnics comes in to build a tender design commissioned by Heijmans Wind Energy. After that has been done, Heijmans Calculations will use this information to calculate the design and propose a cost price, which is then send to Heijmans Wind Energy who issues the quotation to their client. When the work is accepted, Heijmans will then carry out the realization of the wind turbine foundation.

Running the app

The Wind Turbine application is created on VIKTOR, a platform for parametric design in the cloud. It has integrations with several (calculation) software packages (IDEA StatiCa, SCIA Engineer, and D-Foundations) and requires input from various data sources (soil research, turbine supplier, and pile types). Because there are so many processes involved, operating the application may seem complex. Therefore, we will explain exactly what steps need to be followed to create a design.

wind turbine foundations design automation

Structure of the Wind Turbine application

1. Input Data

Before a design can be calculated, a lot of information on a lot of aspects is needed, such as the bearing capacity of the underlying soil, data from the turbine supplier, and data on different pile types. After you have acquired all this information, it can easily be imported into the application, where it will all be stored in one place. However, before calculations can be run, the following things need to happen first:

  • Uploading data from soil research. The Wind Turbine application automatically classifies these CPTs upon uploading them.
  • Creating a turbine database. Here, data from the turbine supplier can be stored, such as stiffness requirements of the foundations, forces acting on the foundation, and axis height of the turbine.
  • Creating a pile database. Here, data on different pile types (precast-, or cast-in-situ concrete piles) that may be applied underneath the turbine foundation can be stored.

2. Creating a tender design

After determining all information on the soil research, turbine supplier, and pile types, the application is ready to be used to create a tender design, which goes as follows:

  • First, you need to determine values for a few input parameters, such as diameter, thickness, and number of piles underneath the foundation plate.
  • Within the application, it is then possible to perform geotechnical calculations using D-Foundations and perform a structural analysis using SCIA Engineer. After these analyses, the results on whether the design is sufficient or not are presented to the user.
  • If the design is sufficient, you have the possibility to create a reinforcement design for the piles. Otherwise, input parameters should be changed, and calculations should be ran again first.
  • To create a reinforcement design, IDEA StatiCA is used to test the section of the piles and see how much rebar is needed for the tender design to be sufficient.
  • After the calculations, you can download the intermediate results from the software packages to check what kind of calculations were performed.
  • At last, some very specific information is generated which is used to calculate the cost price of the design.

Access and usage

Because the Wind Turbine application is a multidisciplinary app, all departments are allowed to access and see the information within. However, to keep the process structured, Heijmans decided that only the designers that are concerned with performing the calculations are the ones to operate the application. They also provide the other departments with the right information. This means that while the other parties are able to access the application, in reality they probably never have to.

Taking control

Benefits of the Wind Turbine application do not stop at the automation of parts of the design process for Heijmans. Before they created their application, Heijmans did not design wind turbines themselves. Now, with a lot of research and the ability to store this newfound knowledge directly in the application, they are able to deliver an integral design of a wind turbine foundation. This way, the application gives them more control over the entire process.

“Before, we did not do the design of wind turbine foundations ourselves. For this, we had to do a lot of research: How do you calculate a foundation? What do we need to bring to the market? Now, when someone asks something about a project, we have much more knowledge on all aspects. This way, we can communicate much faster. There is no third party involved that we have to consult first whenever something is unclear. When consulting starts, the clock starts ticking and prices start to rise immediately. Being able to do this ourselves allows us to generate a design much faster and it saves us so many resources.” – Tom Nillesen, Lead Developer parametric design at Heijmans Construction and Geotechnics.

Due to the full control that the application provides, Heijmans expects to lower the costs of a project and achieve a higher hit rate in tenders.

engineering construction wind turbine foundation

Upcoming developments

Heijmans has worked on the Wind Turbine application for a couple of months and is currently applying it to tenders. Even though the application already holds a lot of promises, there are still some improvements that they want to work on.

From automation to optimization

Currently, there is not yet an algorithm for the optimization of the design. If the design is not sufficient, you now need to manually change a few parameters and run the calculations again. Tom: “This way, you still get to an optimal design pretty fast. We chose to store our geotechnical calculations in a database, so we have a huge set of information on pile point levels and pile to pile distances that we can use to adjust designs quickly, but we want to automate this too!”

From structural design to structural model

Additionally, Heijmans wants to be able to automatically build not only structural designs but geometric models as well. These models can be used to create blueprints and reinforcement prints, something that normally takes a lot of time and multiple full-time modellers per project to do so. Being able to build structural models at the push of a button would save them not only lots of time, but money as well.

No more iteration

Furthermore, Heijmans wants to automate that last part of repetitive work that still needs to be done to minimize chance of errors and make sure no one has to spend time on iterative processes anymore. This way, they have more time left to take on the exceptional cases where they can apply their expert knowledge and create real value.

“I think that when it comes to design, ‘Automate the boring’ is a slogan that we could start adopting as well. Of course, we cannot (and don’t want to) automate everything, some cases are just too exceptional to automate. Furthermore, as Heijmans, we still have to go outside and build our designs of course. That part cannot be automated with web applications. However, looking at the design process of wind turbine foundations, we are really getting there regarding automation.” – Tom Nillesen, Lead Developer parametric design at Heijmans Construction and Geotechnics.

wind turbine foundation engineering construction parametric design

Umbrella application

Building the Wind Turbine application, Heijmans especially focussed on the communication and collaboration between the three departments that where involved. However, Heijmans is a large company with many more departments, waiting to be linked as well. Departments such as Soil and Roads are really close knit to Construction and Geotechnics regarding the type of work. Heijmans wants to involve these disciplines in their applications by automating parts of their work processes as well. There are already some aspirations to create a larger ‘umbrella application’ that involves several more departments. For this, they want to use the same soil data and other important information when working on projects that share many characteristics.

“When Heijmans Soil and Roads builds a piece of highway that also contains a viaduct, Heijmans Construction and Geotechnics gets involved to work on that part. It is like having companies within a company. They each work on different designs, but within one big ‘umbrella project’. If we are able to use one application to create one integral process, this could not only save a lot of time and money, but it would make the overall design better and more efficient as well. That is the ultimate goal I am working towards: Building a network of applications that can be used throughout the entire organization, everything dependent on each other. If you change one thing, everything that depends on that will change as well. But before we can do this, we first have to start somewhere small: Automating a few tiny steps, combining those into a bigger application like the Wind Turbine application. If that appears to be successful, we can start going bigger.” – Tom Nillesen, Lead Developer parametric design at Heijmans Construction and Geotechnics.

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